Some of the Elements of Aerospace Engineering

"The fact that the great scientist believed in flying machines was the one thing that encouraged us to begin our studies." 

~Wright Bersaudara, Penemu Pesawat Terbang~

• Fluid mechanics – the study of fluid flow around objects. Specifically aerodynamics concerning the flow of air over bodies such as wings or through objects such as wind tunnels (see also lift and aeronautics).

• Astrodynamics – the study of orbital mechanics including prediction of orbital elements when given a select few variables. While few schools in the United States teach this at the undergraduate level, several have graduate programs covering this topic (usually in conjunction with the Physics department of said college or university).

• Statics and Dynamics (engineering mechanics) – the study of movement, forces, moments in mechanical systems.

• Mathematics – in particular, calculus, differential equations, and linear algebra.

• Electrotechnology – the study of electronics within engineering.

• Propulsion – the energy to move a vehicle through the air (or in outer space) is provided by internal combustion engines, jet engines andturbomachinery, or rockets (see also propeller and spacecraft propulsion). A more recent addition to this module is electric propulsion and ion propulsion.

• Control engineering – the study of mathematical modeling of the dynamic behavior of systems and designing them, usually using feedback signals, so that their dynamic behavior is desirable (stable, without large excursions, with minimum error). This applies to the dynamic behavior of aircraft, spacecraft, propulsion systems, and subsystems that exist on aerospace vehicles.

• Aircraft structures – design of the physical configuration of the craft to withstand the forces encountered during flight. Aerospace engineering aims to keep structures lightweight.

• Materials science – related to structures, aerospace engineering also studies the materials of which the aerospace structures are to be built. New materials with very specific properties are invented, or existing ones are modified to improve their performance.

• Solid mechanics – Closely related to material science is solid mechanics which deals with stress and strain analysis of the components of the vehicle. Nowadays there are several Finite Element programs such as MSC Patran/Nastran which aid engineers in the analytical process.

• Aeroelasticity – the interaction of aerodynamic forces and structural flexibility, potentially causing flutter, divergence, etc.

• Avionics – the design and programming of computer systems on board an aircraft or spacecraft and the simulation of systems.

• Software – the specification, design, development, test, and implementation of computer software for aerospace applications, including flight software, ground control software, test & evaluation software, etc.

• Risk and reliability – the study of risk and reliability assessment techniques and the mathematics involved in the quantitative methods.

• Noise control – the study of the mechanics of sound transfer.

• Flight test – designing and executing flight test programs in order to gather and analyze performance and handling qualities data in order to determine if an aircraft meets its design and performance goals and certification requirements.

Ide Program Dirgantara dan Antariksa Indonesia dari Penulis

Space Education

Kita akan membangun pendidikan IPTEK keantariksaan dari jenjang pendidikan usia dini hingga perguruan tinggi, anak-anak muda Indonesia akan diperkenalkan dengan Space Science & Technology sejak awal, mereka akan berbondong-bondong untuk mempelajarinya, mengembangkannya dan memajukannya berlandaskan rasa pengabdian Terhadap Pencipta Alam Raya ini.

a. Space Science & Technology for Early Education

Astrophysics School for Children

b. Space Science & Technology for K-12 Education

Indonesian Space Sciences & Technology School

c. Space Science & Technology for Higher Education 

Indonesian University Space Research Association


Semoga para Ilmuwan tanah air dapat terus berupaya sekuat tenaga untuk mengembangkan IPTEKS ini demi kemaslahatan umat manusia.

Amin.

Sumber:

http://astrophysicsblogs.blogspot.com/2012/11/inovasi-ipteks-dirgantara-dan-antariksa.html

Photo by: A.N. at Komplek PT. Dirgantara Indonesia

Mengembangkan Mesin Pesawat Terbang

"Ketika ayah saya meninggal sedang shalat, Ibu Saya bersumpah bahwa anak-anaknya kelak akan berguna bagi masyarakat, bangsa dan agama" 

~Prof. Habibie~

Sebuah Cita-cita mengembangkan Permesinan untuk Pesawat Terbang

An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power. Aircraft engines are almost always either lightweight piston engines or gas turbines.

Part of a series on Aircraft propulsion
Shaft engines : driving propellers, rotors, ducted fans, or propfans
Internal combustion engines: Piston engine Wankel engine Turbines: Turboprop Turboshaft External combustion engines: Steam-powered
Reaction engines
Turbines: Turbojet Turbofan Propfan Rocket-powered Motorjet Pulsejet Ramjet Scramjet
Others
Human-powered Electric Nuclear Hydrogen

Aircraft Engine Manufacturing Industry 

In 2012, the size of the aircraft engine manufacturing market was almost $40 billion. There are over 350 manufacturing companies in the United States employing over 70 thousand. For a list of all manufacturers in the world see the List of aircraft engines.

Turbojet Engine

Turbojets consist of an air inlet, an air compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine (that drives the air compressor) and a nozzle. The air is compressed into the chamber, heated and expanded by the fuel combustion and then allowed to expand out through the turbine into the nozzle where it is accelerated to high speed to provide propulsion.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_engine

Photo by: Me at PT. Dirgantara Indonesia

Kunjungi Juga:

1. PT. Aero Internasional Teknologi Bandung: Aircraft Piston Engine Repair, Overhaul and Test.
http://www.aerointek.com/

2. MTU Aero Engines GmbH is Germany's leading aircraft engine manufacturer. MTU develops, manufactures and provides service support for military and civil aircraft engines.

http://mtu.de/de/

3. Welcome to the Michigan Tech Aerospace Enterprise
http://www.aerospace.mtu.edu/

4.Official corporate site, featuring information about the corporation and its products and services, including airplanes, space systems, and integrated defense

http://www.boeing.com/boeing/


Semoga Bermanfaat

Maju Terus Indonesia

Ilmu dan Teknologi Misil

“Saya bangga bisa menyapu jalanan di Teheran.” 

~Dr. Mahmud Ahmadinejad~

Iran's Missiles

In a modern military, a missile is a self-propelled guided weapon system, as opposed to a unguided self-propelled munition, referred to as just a rocket (weapon) . Missiles have four system components: 

targeting and/or guidance, flight system, engine, and warhead. 

Missiles come in types adapted for different purposes: surface-to-surface and air-to-surface missiles (ballistic, cruise, anti-ship, anti-tank, etc.), surface-to-air missiles (anti-aircraft and anti-ballistic), air-to-air missiles, and anti-satellite missiles. All known existing missiles are designed to be propelled during powered flight by chemical reactions inside a rocket engine, jet engine, or other type of engine. 

Non-self-propelled airborne explosive devices are generally referred to as shells and usually have a shorter range than missiles.

Lockheed Martin’s Theater High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) System

The word missile comes from the Latin verb mittere, meaning "to send".

In military usage, munitions projected towards a target are broadly categorised as follows:

• A powered, guided munition that travels through the air or space is known as a missile (or guided missile.)
• A powered, unguided munition is known as a rocket.
• Unpowered munitions not fired from a gun are called bombs whether guided or not; unpowered, guided munitions are known as guided bombs or "smart bombs".
• Munitions that are fired from a gun are known as projectiles whether guided or not. If explosive they are known more specifically as shells or mortar bombs.
• Powered munitions that travel through water are called torpedoes (an older usage includes fixed torpedoes, which might today be called mines).
• Hand grenades are not usually classed as missiles.

A common further sub-division is to consider ballistic missile to mean a munition that follows a ballistic trajectory and cruise missile to describe a munition that generates lift.

^{Sources and Additional Reading}

• ^{Abernethy, Bob. “Interview with The History Factory.” Oct. 4, 2012.}
• ^{Defense Department, Army. 2010 Weapons Systems. Government Printing Office.}
• ^{Harwood, William B. Raise Heaven and Earth. Simon & Schuster, 1993.}
• ^{Kesner, Kenneth. “MEADS Engages Target Simulating Attack From Behind in Defense System’s First Flight Test.” The Huntsville Times, Nov. 18, 2011.  Viewed Nov. 28, 2012 at http://blog.al.com/huntsville-times-business/2011/11/meads_1.html}
• ^{Lerman, David. “Lockheed’s THAAD Missile Defense Hits Two Targets in Test.” Bloomberg News, Oct. 5, 2011. Viewed: Nov. 28, 2012. http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-05/lockheed-s-thaad-missile-defense-hits-two-targets-in-test.html}
• ^{Mahnkin, Thomas Gilbert. Technology and the American Way of War Since 1945. Columbia University Press, 2008. http://books.google.com/books?id=WzIfv5xH8x0C&pg=PT108&dq=PAC-2+missile&hl=en&sa=X&ei=4Nm0UMrFCOOFyQGRkoDACA&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBA}
• ^{National Research Council (U.S.). Naval Forces’ Capability for Theatre Missile Defense. National Academies Press, 2001. http://books.google.com/books?id=yw37e28Ct4MC&pg=PT218&dq=PAC-2+missile&hl=en&sa=X&ei=F9m0UK7tHIrbyQHtnIFo&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAA}
• ^{Scott, Joseph C. “The First PAC-3 Engagement.” Air Defense Artillery, April-June 2006.} 
• ^{Wiese, William C. “Interview with The History Factory.” Nov. 15, 2012.}

Sumber: 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missile
http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/100years/stories/missile-defense.html

Teknologi Pesawat Tempur Siluman

Advanced avionics give the pilot real-time access to battle space information with spherical coverage and an unparalleled ability to dominate the tactical environment. Data collected by F-35 sensors can be immediately shared with commanders at sea, in the air or on the ground, providing an instantaneous, high-fidelity view of ongoing operations – making the Lightning II a formidable force multiplier.  

The F-35’s built-in sustainment establishes new levels of operational readiness. Aircraft share common parts, support equipment and technical data, yielding greater reliability and long-term cost savings. And the F-35’s strong global partnership and broad industrial base ensures affordability through economies of scale while delivering thousands of technology sector jobs around the world. 

Performance

• Maximum speed: Mach 1.6+ (1,200 mph, 1,930 km/h) (tested to Mach 1.61)
• Range: 1,200 nmi (2,220 km) on internal fuel
• Combat radius: 584 nmi (1,080 km) on internal fuel
• Service ceiling: 60,000 ft (18,288 m) (tested to 43,000 ft)
• Rate of climb: classified (not publicly available)
• Wing loading: 107.7 lb/ft² (446 kg/m²; 526 kg/m² loaded)
• Thrust/weight:
  
  • With full fuel: 0.87
  • With 50% fuel: 1.07
• Max g-limits: 9 g

Video Perakitan Pesawat Tempur Siluman 

Armament

• Guns: 1 × General Dynamics GAU-22/A Equalizer 25 mm (0.984 in) 4-barreled gatling cannon, internally mounted with 180 rounds
• Hardpoints: 6 × external pylons on wings with a capacity of 15,000 lb (6,800 kg) and two internal bays with two pylons each for a total weapons payload of 18,000 lb (8,100 kg) and provisions to carry combinations of:

• • Missiles:
    
    • Air-to-air missiles:
      • AIM-120 AMRAAM
      • AIM-9X Sidewinder
      • IRIS-T
      • MBDA Meteor (pending further funding)
    • Air-to-surface missiles:
      • AGM-88 AARGM
      • AGM-158 JASSM
      • Brimstone missile / MBDA SPEAR
      • Joint Air-to-Ground Missile
      • Storm Shadow missile
      • SOM
    • Anti-ship missiles:
      • JSM
      • LRASM
  • Bombs:
    
    • Mark 84, Mark 83 and Mark 82 GP bombs
    • Mk.20 Rockeye II cluster bomb
    • Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser capable
    • Paveway series laser-guided bombs
    • Small Diameter Bomb (SDB)
    • JDAM series
    • B61 nuclear bomb
    • AGM-154 JSOW

Avionics

• Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems AN/APG-81 AESA radar
• Lockheed Martin AAQ-40 E/O Targeting System (EOTS)
• Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems AN/AAQ-37 Distributed Aperture System (DAS) missile warning system
• BAE Systems AN/ASQ-239 (Barracuda) electronic warfare system
• Harris Corporation Multifunction Advanced Data Link (MADL) communication system

Visit Our Partners


Northrop Grumman

BAE Systems

Pratt & Whitney

https://www.f35.com/about 

Semoga Industri Strategis Bangsa Indonesia Dapat Mengalihkan Ipteks Canggih ini.
Aamiin, Semoga.

Berbagai Macam Jurnal Aerospace

"Kebahagiaan dan kesedihan tergantung bagaimana kita menyikapinya"

~Prof. B.J. Habibie~

Aerospace comprises the atmosphere of Earth and surrounding space. Typically, aerospace industries combine aeronautics and astronautics to research, design, manufacture, operate, or maintain vehicles moving through air and space. Aerospace is a very diverse field, with a multitude of commercial, industrial and military applications.

Along with these public space programs, many companies produce technical tools and components such as spaceships and satellites. Some known companies involved in space programs include Boeing, EADS, Lockheed Martin, MacDonald Dettwiler and Northrop Grumman. These companies are also involved in other areas of aerospace such as the construction of aircraft.

Daftar Jurnal Aerosapace:

 List of Aeronautics & Aerospace Engineering Journal

Pertahanan Udara dengan Misil

Video Penjelasan Mengenai Integrated Air and Missile Defense.

Detection: Early detection and accurate identification of targets

Interception: Optimisation of radar to identify and intercept threats;
The current capabilities of short, medium and long range missile defence systems

Integration: Future visions to develop integrated air and missile defence programmes



   


Kunjungi Juga:

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/missiledefense/

http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/news/trade-shows/idex/missile-defence.html

http://www.northropgrumman.com/Capabilities/IBCS/Pages/default.aspx

http://www.airmissiledefenceevent.com/

Sumber:

Lockheed Martin Corporation

Metode Komputasional dalam Sains dan Teknologi Dirgantara

"Pendidik yang biasa-biasa, berbicara. Guru yang bagus, menerangkan. Pendidik yang hebat, mendemonstrasikan dan Guru yang agung memberi inspirasi."
-Petuah Bijak-

Course Description

This course serves as an introduction to computational techniques arising in aerospace engineering. Applications are drawn from aerospace structures, aerodynamics, dynamics and control, and aerospace systems. Techniques include: numerical integration of systems of ordinary differential equations; finite-difference, finite-volume, and finite-element discretization of partial differential equations; numerical linear algaebra; eigenvalue problems; and optimizataion with constraints.

Complete Lecture Notes:

"Computational Methods in Aerospace Engineering" (PDF - 2.5 MB) 

Kunjungi Juga:

Kunjungi juga sekolah Online Kami dalam Bidang Ilmu Pengetahuan Dirgantara dan Ke Luar Angkasa'an

Indonesian Space Sciences & Technology School 

Sebuah persembahan sederhana dari para ilmuwan muda tanah air untuk kemajuan peradaban umat manusia.

Indonesian University Space Research Association

"Mari kita bangun peradaban bangsa Indonesia dengan semangat yang tinggi, kecerdasan dan Imtaq yang kuat"

~A.N.~

Sumber:

http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/aeronautics-and-astronautics/

Photo by: Me

Thanks to:

1. Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan
2. Kementrian Riset dan Teknologi
3. Kementrian BUMN
4. PT. Dirgantara Indonesia
5. PT. Regio Prop
6. Boeing
7. EADS